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The phytotoxic potential of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) was evaluated by both soil-based and aqueous extract laboratory bioassays. A preliminary bioassay was conducted in Petri dishes filled with faba bean-amended soil. The results revealed strong inhibitory effects on the early growth of the model species lettuce. The phytotoxic potential of aqueous extracts of faba bean aerial biomass was then determined on lettuce, maize and soybean as model crops in a temperate forage-based system, and Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed), Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) and Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass) as the most common associated weeds. Dose-response curves and IC50 and IC90 values for faba bean aqueous extracts were obtained. The results indicate that faba bean aqueous extracts significantly inhibited the germination and early growth of weeds. Except for the highest concentration, crops were not affected, or crops growth was enhanced by the aqueous extracts at concentrations that suppressed the weeds. Thus faba bean aerial biomass may be a promising material for weed control in sustainable-based crop systems.