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This paper analyses the organization of rural women in Brazil during the last thirty years. Through organized groups, campaigns, commercial and productive experiences, they have mobilized themselves around several movements, in order to make visible women’s point of view on rural development, especially on food sovereignty and security themes. The study demonstrates how–through their social practices and in dispute with other political groups–these women have obtained legitimacy for their demands related to the sustainable development and, as a result, have constituted themselves as new political agents. These women, despite their differences, have built common identities as peasants and activists of the women’s movements, a result of their involvement in political actions which question gender inequalities in the countryside as well as the unsustainable productive model. The paper also comments themes these movements are involved lately; the process of dialogue started with federal government in order to built gendered public policies to rural women; and issues that still are in the agenda to reinforce alliances with other movements (as consumers) to make their project of sustainable agricultural and consumption model be recognized.