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In temperate regions, the adoption of no‐tillage (NT) often stimulates the sequestration of soil C and N and improves soil structural stability. The aim of this study was to investigate if NT has similar impacts on the stability of water‐stable aggregates and C and N stabilization in two Oxisols (Typic Haplorthox) under different crop rotations. Slaking‐resistant aggregates were isolated by wet sieving and analyzed for C and N concentrations at two agricultural experiment sites (Passo Fundo and Londrina) in southern Brazil. At both sites, the total organic C and N in the 0‐ to 5‐cm depth interval, decreased in order native vegetation (NV) > NT > conventional tillage (CT). The mean weight diameter (MWD) of the aggregates was on average 0.5 mm greater under NT compared with CT, and was also greater (approximately 0.2 mm) under more diverse rotations, which included a leguminous green‐manure crop, in comparison …