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This study used the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology (ISO 14040, ISO 14044) to quantify and compare the environmental impacts associated with the production of masonry mortar manufactured with different amounts of natural fine aggregate (NFA), recycled fine aggregate (RFA) from construction and demolition waste (C&DW), and admixture. The study also analyzed and compared the production processes for fine aggregates (natural and recycled) in order to determine the associated benefit of using RFA from C&DW instead of NFA.

The system boundaries were considered from cradle to gate level and included the production of raw materials, transport to the mortar plant, and the manufacture of 1 t functional unit of dry masonry mortar. Foreground data were site specific and collected by means of surveys, interviews, and …