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Despite interest in studying food purchasing behaviour of ethnic minorities, there is little research on the purchasing habits of indigenous peoples. The objectives of the present study were to determine differences in food consumption habits in non-Mapuche (Chileans), and people of Mapuche origin (the largest aboriginal group in Chile) who vary in their acculturation orientations, and to evaluate the effect of socio-demographic variables on the acculturation of Mapuche individuals. A personal questionnaire was administered to a sample of 400 people in the Araucanía Region and 400 in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile, stratified by ethnic group. The frequency of consumption of fish and seafood, fruit, “mate” (a typical herbal infusion), soft drinks, and meals in restaurants differed between non-Mapuche and Mapuche with differing acculturation orientations. Acculturation was significantly associated with the …