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The aim of this paper is to provide new evidence and findings about the relationship between innovation and export behaviour at micro-level (firm). The study is based on the general hypothesis that innovation has a positive effect on firm competitiveness (opening new markets; increasing productivity; creating new products …). Moreover, it is also based on the complementary assumption that internationalization pushes firms to increase innovation performance (learning-by-exporting hypothesis). From a macroeconomic viewpoint, this bi-directional process leads to improve the trade balance as well as to increase economic growth. Based on such theoretical approach, the main goal of the paper is to analyse the relationship between innovation performance of firms and their export behaviour, as well as the specific factors that influence this relationship. In particular, the research question is to know as to what extent …