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The main goal of the paper is to compare the economic and environmental impacts of local production of low carbon cement based on a new mineral addition of calcined clay and limestone (LC2) versus industrial production of low carbon cement (LC3), considering particularities of Cuban context. First, a technical comparison is carried out comparing also with traditional OPC and PPC and considering standards applied in the island. Secondly, an economic assessment of production and investment costs is carried out using life cycle costing (LCC) technique. Afterwards, to assess environmental impacts a simplified life cycle assessment is performed to compare both cements, OPC and PPC. Cement based on LC2 reports economic advantages in comparison with the other cements: industrial LC3, OPC and PPC. Environmental results show a similar behaviour for local and industrial LC3 but a significant decrease of emissions and energy demand versus OPC and PPC. Technical comparison shows that local LC3 results are variable but complies with the standard for its use in mortars and non-structural applications. Finally, results show that LC3 introduction is a feasible option to reduce impacts of the cement industry in Cuba, and a combination of its local and industrial production is the best alternative to achieve sustainability goals in the short and mid-terms. Main opportunities of local LC3 are the reduction of costs, the easier storage, the use of local materials, amongst other. Main challenge is related to a correct use of the mineral addition in localities.