| Heroin addicts have higher discount rates for delayed rewards than non-drug-using controls. KN Kirby, NM Petry, WK Bickel Journal of Experimental psychology: general 128 (1), 78, 1999 | 1854 | 1999 |
| Impulsivity and cigarette smoking: delay discounting in current, never, and ex-smokers WK Bickel, AL Odum, GJ Madden Psychopharmacology 146 (4), 447-454, 1999 | 1377 | 1999 |
| Toward a behavioral economic understanding of drug dependence: delay discounting processes WK Bickel, LA Marsch Addiction 96 (1), 73-86, 2001 | 1090 | 2001 |
| Impulsive and self-control choices in opioid-dependent patients and non-drug-using control patients: Drug and monetary rewards. GJ Madden, NM Petry, GJ Badger, WK Bickel Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology 5 (3), 256, 1997 | 961 | 1997 |
| Within‐subject comparison of real and hypothetical money rewards in delay discounting MW Johnson, WK Bickel Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior 77 (2), 129-146, 2002 | 865 | 2002 |
| Incentives improve outcome in outpatient behavioral treatment of cocaine dependence ST Higgins, AJ Budney, WK Bickel, FE Foerg, R Donham, GJ Badger Archives of general psychiatry 51 (7), 568-576, 1994 | 851 | 1994 |
| A behavioral approach to achieving initial cocaine abstinence ST Higgins, DD Delaney, AJ Budney, WK Bickel, JR Hughes, F Foerg, ... American Journal of Psychiatry 148 (9), 1218-1224, 1991 | 668 | 1991 |
| Achieving cocaine abstinence with a behavioral approach. ST Higgins, AJ Budney, WK Bickel, JR Hughes, F Foerg, G Badger The American journal of psychiatry, 1993 | 640 | 1993 |
| Remember the future: working memory training decreases delay discounting among stimulant addicts WK Bickel, R Yi, RD Landes, PF Hill, C Baxter Biological psychiatry 69 (3), 260-265, 2011 | 610 | 2011 |
| Delay discounting in current and never-before cigarette smokers: similarities and differences across commodity, sign, and magnitude. F Baker, MW Johnson, WK Bickel Journal of abnormal psychology 112 (3), 382, 2003 | 579 | 2003 |
| Behavioral and neuroeconomics of drug addiction: competing neural systems and temporal discounting processes WK Bickel, ML Miller, R Yi, BP Kowal, DM Lindquist, JA Pitcock Drug and alcohol dependence 90, S85-S91, 2007 | 506 | 2007 |
| Impulsivity: The behavioral and neurological science of discounting. GJ Madden, WK Bickel American Psychological Association, 2010 | 451 | 2010 |
| Shortened time horizons and insensitivity to future consequences in heroin addicts NM Petry, WK Bickel, M Arnett Addiction 93 (5), 729-738, 1998 | 441 | 1998 |
| Nicotine withdrawal versus other drug withdrawal syndromes: similarities and dissimilarities JR Hughes, ST Higgins, WK Bickel Addiction 89 (11), 1461-1470, 1994 | 360 | 1994 |
| Excessive discounting of delayed reinforcers as a trans-disease process contributing to addiction and other disease-related vulnerabilities: emerging evidence WK Bickel, DP Jarmolowicz, ET Mueller, MN Koffarnus, KM Gatchalian Pharmacology & therapeutics 134 (3), 287-297, 2012 | 347 | 2012 |
| A clinical trial of buprenorphine: comparison with methadone in the detoxification of heroin addicts WK Bickel, ML Stitzer, GE Bigelow, IA Liebson, DR Jasinski, RE Johnson Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 43 (1), 72-78, 1988 | 342 | 1988 |
| Discounting of delayed rewards in opioid-dependent outpatients: exponential or hyperbolic discounting functions? GJ Madden, WK Bickel, EA Jacobs Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology 7 (3), 284, 1999 | 310 | 1999 |
| Mild opioid deprivation increases the degree that opioid-dependent outpatients discount delayed heroin and money LA Giordano, WK Bickel, G Loewenstein, EA Jacobs, L Marsch, ... Psychopharmacology 163 (2), 174-182, 2002 | 298 | 2002 |
| An algorithm for identifying nonsystematic delay-discounting data. MW Johnson, WK Bickel Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology 16 (3), 264, 2008 | 293 | 2008 |
| Delay discounting in currently using and currently abstinent cocaine-dependent outpatients and non-drug-using matched controls SH Heil, MW Johnson, ST Higgins, WK Bickel Addictive Behaviors 31 (7), 1290-1294, 2006 | 271 | 2006 |
Stephen HigginsProfessor of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of VermontVerified email at uvm.edu
